Elementos epistemológicos e metodológicos da Análise Sociológica do Discurso: abrindo possibilidades para os estudos organizacionais

Análise Sociológica do Discurso (ASD), vinculada à Tradição Espanhola de Pesquisa Social Qualitativa, e uma de suas escolhas mais habituais, sequer é mencionada nos manuais de métodos qualitativos e de análise do discurso. Nos estudos organizacionais, o intercâmbio com as discussões do campo da sociologia pode permitir a desmistificação da análise do discurso ao encontrar uma metodologia preocupada não com o estilo textual internalista, ou estrutura subjacente, mas com a atuação deste complexo fenômeno cognitivo e social chamado discurso. Esse ensaio tem como objetivo sistematizar os elementos epistemológicos e metodológicos da Análise Sociológica do Discurso. Está estruturado nas seções: a) análise das origens da ASD; b) sistematização de elementos teórico-epistemológicos elegidos como relevantes tanto à compreensão do método quanto a sua diferenciação; c) desenvolvimento dos elementos metodológicos da ASD; e, por fim, d) alerta crítico aos riscos de pseudoanálise em ASD. Pretende-se, assim, iniciar a delimitação do espaço da ASD no âmbito dos estudos organizacionais brasileiros

Influence of preparation procedures on the phenolic content, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of green and black teas

The influence of common tea preparation procedures (temperature, infusion time, consumption time interval and tea bag/loose-leaf) and the type of water used, on the total phenolic content (TPC), the radical scavenging activity and the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity were assessed. Higher TPC and antioxidant activity were obtained when using lower mineralized waters. Tea bags also evidenced higher antioxidant activity than loose-leaf samples. Under the same conditions (90 degrees C and five minutes of infusion time) green tea contains almost twice the quantity of polyphenols and the free radical scavenging ability of black tea. In the alpha-glucosidase assay all infusions were active (97-100 %). Furthermore, HPLC allowed to identify some of the polyphenols present in both teas and to monitor their composition change with time. After twenty-four hours, the antioxidant activity was maintained without significant changes, but a small decrease in enzyme inhibition was observed, although this activity was still very high.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases, transferable quinolone resistance, and virulotyping in extra-intestinal E. coli in Uruguay

Introduction: To characterize extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in Escherichia coli isolates obtained from extra-intestinal samples in three Uruguayan hospitals. Methodology: Fifty-five ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were studied. Virulence genes, ESBLs, and PMQR genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction. ESBL-producing isolates were compared by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Multi-locus sequence typing was also performed on 13 selected isolates. Results: Thirty-seven isolates harbored blaCTX-M-15 (67.3%), eight blaCTX-M-2 (14.6%), five blaCTX-M-14 (9.1%), three carried both blaCTX-M-2 and blaCTX-M-14, one blaCTX-M-9, and one blaCTX-M-8. Among the CTX-M-15 producers, 92% belonged to sequence types ST131 and ST405, and carried aac(6’)Ib-cr as well. Isolates harboring blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-9, or blaCTX-M-8 were found to be genetically unrelated. Conclusions: The successful dissemination of CTX-M-15-producing E.coli isolates seems to be linked to the spreading of high-risk clones and horizontal gene transfer. A trade-off between carrying more antibiotic resistance and less virulence-related genes could partially account for the evolutionary advantages featured by successful clones.Fil: Vignoli, Rafael. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: García Fulgueiras, Virginia. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Cordeiro, Nicolás F.. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Bado, Inés. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Seija, Verónica. Universidad de la República; Uruguay. Hospital Pasteur de Montevideo; UruguayFil: Aguerrebere, Paula. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Laguna, Gabriel. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Araújo, Lucía. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Bazet, Cristina. Universidad de la República; UruguayFil: Gutkind, Gabriel Osvaldo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Chabalgoity Rodríguez, José Alejandro. Universidad de la República; Urugua

Eluned Morgan e a educação escolar na Patagônia do século XIX

Based on the life experience of Eluned Morgan (1870-1938), writer, from a Welsh family, migrated to Argentina, Patagonia, Chubut Valley, the article deals with education in Latin America. The aime is to understand how education in Patagonia becomes an educational project by Eluned Morgan and reflect on the implications of this project in a region that was born under the impact of the National State with the“Conquest of the Desert”. Is based on cultural history and the history of intellectuals, as inspiration. The results demonstrate that Eluned Morgan assumes an important place in the region by using the pen of a writer to disseminate her educational ideas. Intellectually formed from a border view of the world, permeated by Welsh culture, Patagonian indigenous culture and Spanish-American culture, the writer defended education as a necessary instrument for the economic, social and cultural development of the Argentine South.  El artículo aborda la educación en América Latina a partir de la experiencia de vida de Eluned Morgan (1870-1938), escritora, de familia galesa, migrada a Argentina, Patagonia, Valle del Chubut. El objetivo es comprender cómo la educación en la Patagonia se convierte en un proyecto educativo de Eluned Morgan y reflexionar sobre las implicaciones de este proyecto en una región que nació bajo el impacto del Estado Nacional con la llamada “Conquista del Desierto”. Como inspiración teórica, se basa en la historia cultural y la historia de los intelectuales. Los resultados demuestran que Eluned Morgan asume un lugar importante en la región al utilizar la pluma de una escritora para difundir sus ideas educativas. Intelectualmente formado bajo una cosmovisión fronteriza, permeada por la cultura galesa, la cultura indígena patagónica y la cultura hispanoamericana, el escritor defendió la educación como un instrumento necesario para el desarrollo económico, social y cultural del Sur argentino.  O artigo trata da educação na América Latina a partir da experiência de vida de Eluned Morgan (1870-1938), escritora, oriunda de uma família galesa, migrada para a Argentina, Patagônia, Vale de Chubut. O objetivo é entender como a educação na Patagônia se torna um projeto educacional de Eluned Morgan e refletir sobre as implicações deste projeto numa região que nasce sob o impacto do Estado Nacional com a chamada “Conquista do Deserto”. Como inspiração teórica, fundamenta-se na história cultural e na história dos intelectuais. Os resultados demonstram que Eluned Morgan assume um lugar de importância na região ao usar a pena de escritora para divulgar suas ideias educativas. Formada intelectualmente sob uma visão de mundo fronteiriça, permeada pela cultura galesa, cultura indígena da Patagônia e cultura hispano-americana, a escritora defendeu a educação como instrumento necessário para o desenvolvimento econômico, social e cultural do Sul argentino.&nbsp

Una iniciativa con Inteligencia Territorial: OPYD-OIDTE en Lavalleja, Uruguay

La creación de un espacio institucional en la IDL -Gobierno de Lavalleja- denominado OPyD-OIDTe aprobado en el Plan Quinquenal 2000-2015 y refrendado por un Convenio con la Red Científica Internacional de Inteligencia Territorial, tiene como propósito promover el desarrollo de proyectos emergentes de la comunidad -y el mundo empresario donde fuera oportuno articulando iniciativas del Gobierno Departamental, organismos del Gobierno nacional, cooperación internacional y aportes científicos con aplicación de criterios de inteligencia territorial sustentables integrando una “mesa de cuatro patas”. La Oficina OPyD de Promoción y Desarrollo promueve micro, meso y macro proyectos de desarrollo sustentable, mientras que el Observatorio OIDTe de Inteligencia y Desarrollo Territorial, con funciones de apoyo científico aplicado, acompaña promoviendo la concreción de proyectos con inteligencia territorial, mediante talleres y aplicación de métodos y técnicas; el enfoque transversal y orientado a la toma social participativa de decisiones para la intervención en el territorio hace de estos procesos, acciones con más sustentabilidad. El trabajo se organiza en cuatro partes: qué es el Observatorio OIDTe (1); un resumen de los logros obtenidos en los primeros dos años con esta iniciativa (2), mientras que luego se pone hincapié en problemas, aprendizajes y soluciones en y con el OIDTe, en clave de inteligencia territorial, mediante intentos de articulación con las interfaces de conocimiento en Norman Long (3) y con el naciente Método Skypa propuesto por TAG UNLP-CONICET (4), con el propósito de aportar algunos grados de análisis, interpretación y sistematización acerca de dificultades tales como transformar ideas en proyectos, el paso de la fase de individuos aislados a la formación de grupos y equipos, la co-operación en los complejos procesos orientados a construir apropiación, valorización, organización y proyección colectiva, y maneras de descubrir en qué medida tienen lugar micro-procesos de transformación en conciencias, en espíritus, en miradas, en acciones y en objetos, en los sujetos y con sus territorios, entre muchos otros aspectos.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Text mining analysis to understand the impact of online news on public health response: case of syphilis epidemic in Brazil

BackgroundTo effectively combat the rising incidence of syphilis, the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH) created a National Rapid Response to Syphilis with actions aimed at bolstering epidemiological surveillance of acquired, congenital syphilis, and syphilis during pregnancy complemented with communication activities to raise population awareness and to increase uptake of testing that targeted mass media outlets from November 2018 to March 2019 throughout Brazil, and mainly areas with high rates of syphilis. This study analyzes the volume and quality of online news content on syphilis in Brazil between 2015 and 2019 and examines its effect on testing.MethodsThe collection and processing of online news were automated by means of a proprietary digital health ecosystem established for the study. We applied text data mining techniques to online news to extract patterns from categories of text. The presence and combination of such categories in collected texts determined the quality of news that were analyzed to classify them as high-, medium-and low-quality news. We examined the correlation between the quality of news and the volume of syphilis testing using Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient.Results1,049 web pages were collected using a Google Search API, of which 630 were categorized as earned media. We observed a steady increase in the number of news on syphilis in 2015 (n = 18), 2016 (n = 26), and 2017 (n = 42), with a substantial rise in the number of news in 2018 (n = 107) and 2019 (n = 437), although the relative proportion of high-quality news remained consistently high (77.6 and 70.5% respectively) and in line with similar years. We found a correlation between news quality and syphilis testing performed in primary health care with an increase of 82.32, 78.13, and 73.20%, respectively, in the three types of treponemal tests used to confirm an infection.ConclusionEffective communication strategies that lead to dissemination of high quality of information are important to increase uptake of public health policy actions

Dinâmicas de (investig)ação em contextos de promoção da língua portuguesa: a presença do CIDTFF na rede Camões, I.P.

Sem resumo disponível.publishe

Garbage in, garbage out: how reliable training data improved a virtual screening approach against SARS-CoV-2 MPro

Introduction: The identification of chemical compounds that interfere with SARS-CoV-2 replication continues to be a priority in several academic and pharmaceutical laboratories. Computational tools and approaches have the power to integrate, process and analyze multiple data in a short time. However, these initiatives may yield unrealistic results if the applied models are not inferred from reliable data and the resulting predictions are not confirmed by experimental evidence.Methods: We undertook a drug discovery campaign against the essential major protease (MPro) from SARS-CoV-2, which relied on an in silico search strategy –performed in a large and diverse chemolibrary– complemented by experimental validation. The computational method comprises a recently reported ligand-based approach developed upon refinement/learning cycles, and structure-based approximations. Search models were applied to both retrospective (in silico) and prospective (experimentally confirmed) screening.Results: The first generation of ligand-based models were fed by data, which to a great extent, had not been published in peer-reviewed articles. The first screening campaign performed with 188 compounds (46 in silico hits and 100 analogues, and 40 unrelated compounds: flavonols and pyrazoles) yielded three hits against MPro (IC50 ≤ 25 μM): two analogues of in silico hits (one glycoside and one benzo-thiazol) and one flavonol. A second generation of ligand-based models was developed based on this negative information and newly published peer-reviewed data for MPro inhibitors. This led to 43 new hit candidates belonging to different chemical families. From 45 compounds (28 in silico hits and 17 related analogues) tested in the second screening campaign, eight inhibited MPro with IC50 = 0.12–20 μM and five of them also impaired the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero cells (EC50 7–45 μM).Discussion: Our study provides an example of a virtuous loop between computational and experimental approaches applied to target-focused drug discovery against a major and global pathogen, reaffirming the well-known “garbage in, garbage out” machine learning principle